Smothering dreams Essay Example For Students

Smothering dreams Essay The next paragraph is a further add-on, where it again haunts the reader where in Owenss helpless sight, and these men plunges towards him, guttering, choking, drowning. These men plunge (again a reference to the imagery of drowning) and are suffering so badly as in the neat use of three quick words that all end with an -ing, also another alliteration, just heightens this horror of the gas attack to an almost unbearable pitch. The last paragraph again carries this details of the gas attack, as an extended metaphor, where we are exposed to even more gory details of this attack, its aftermath, its sheer ferocity, again leaving deep impacts on the reader. Owen likens this experience to a dream where in some smothering dreams the reader too could envision the wagon that we flung him in. The use of the word smothering shows how he feels the men were feeling, like their life is slowly being drained out of them. Where their hanging face, like a devils sick of sin, again another alliteration, this time using an s sound to just emphasize the moment. The moment where the soldier looks like hell on earth. Where we cannot even imagine every jolt, the blood that comes Gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. Where they are Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud. This description uses short sharp phrases to show the quick pace of this scene, where a man lies dying, where he is choking, comparable to cancer and like the bitter cud that cows chew when they digest their food. It is like to vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, when somebody that is telling with high zest to some child desperate for some sort of glory. Owen here clearly is horrified at the notion of some people treating this war lightly, even with zest, to some poor innocent child wanting some glory in his life. And this ends off with the now terrible line. The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. The capitalization of the world Lie now also shows how Owen personifies this phrase, as something human, some evil to the point where it is not just words, it is sheer tenacity and wrath that he believes no one should ever have to face. And that is the message that Owen is trying to put forth today. In my personal response, I find it interesting to note that this poem is written in response to the pro-war poet Jessie Pope, where she uses the phrase Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori as a title for one of her poems. This could explain why this poem is particularly harsh and upsetting for the reader, as it seems that Owen is trying to make a point that this is a resounding Lie. I liken his descriptions to that of the age-old belief that when one is faced with a horrific scene, time seems to slow down, even stop. To me, these vivid descriptions are seething with bitter hate and I can literally feel the horror of the war flashing before my eyes, these unsettling images are horrific and probably would haunt anyone who reads this poem carefully. People screaming, people shouting, people flailing about, it seems to be definitely in the realm of possibility in war, and I am hope that I would never have to go through something as terrible as war.  In conclusion, Owen makes a very strong stand and point against the war as a whole, and believes that it is a lie to call this war something glorious and honorable to die for, and this phrase Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori is a big Lie.

Harper Lee Essay Example

Harper Lee Essay Harper Lee involves the theme of prejudice by illustrating many different examples of where society is judgmental. Mrs. Luttrell-Anderson Tuvraen Kaur Prejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird Prejudice cannot perceive the things that are because it is always looking for things that are not. In Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, prejudice is accentuated as one of the main themes and is illustrated in many different examples of where society is judgemental.Set in the South during the 1930’s in a small town known as Maycomb County, one of the most important morals, the one that states that all humans, no matter colour, or gender are equal, is justified. Due to the Great Depression during the early twentieth century, poverty became an issue that affected many. Instead of using that as a binding theme, the people in the town use it as an element of separation. Prejudice of every sort runs rampant throughout the town. Three types of prejudice are conveyed in this book; name ly, social class prejudice, racial prejudice and gender prejudice.The backwardness and insularity of the community fuelled the racism in Maycomb. The theme of the wrongs of prejudice is brought forth through the eyes of a nine-year-old girl, Scout Finch. Gender prejudice has been long woven into the fabric of many societies. It was driven by the universal belief that women are weaker of the sexes, emotionally as well as physically. Women in the early 1900’s did not have the right to vote, and were refrained from pursuing jobs that were usually done by men. In the book, women were not permitted to be a part of the jury.Many believed that women were too weak to handle the details of some cases. Atticus Finch, Scout’s father, and also Tom Robinson’s attorney, further explains this belief, â€Å"I guess its to protect our frail ladies from sordid cases like Toms. Besides, I doubt if wed ever get a complete case triedthe ladiesd be interrupting to ask questions. â⠂¬  (221) In this book, not only does one come across prejudice directed towards woman, but also towards men. Francis, a cousin of Scout’s tells her that his grandmother is oing to teach him how to cook. Scout replies by saying, â€Å"Boy’s don’t cook† (84) In Maycomb it appears that the society chooses how the girls and boys should act, and what professions they are allowed to pursue. Scout Finch has been described as a tomboy, most frequently clad in overalls, and spends much time with her older brother, Jem. Throughout the novel, Scout is scolded about her manners, tough character, and her overall unladylike behaviour. â€Å"Aunt Alexandra was fanatical on the subject of my attire.I could not possibly hope to be a lady if I wore breeches; when I said I could do nothing in a dress, she said I wasn’t supposed to be doing things that required pants. Aunt Alexandra’s vision of my deportment involved playing with small stoves, tea sets, and wearing the Add-A-Pearl necklace she gave me when I was born† (83) It’s unfortunate that woman were burdened by the society and moulded into the perfect ladies right from a young age. In Maycomb gender discrimination was contemporary as many were denied opportunities in the work place or, misjudged or critiqued solely on the basis of their sex.Racism is the belief that race is a key determinant of human traits and those racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. The community’s narrow-mindedness is formed because the society has remained unchanged for many decades with the same families occupying the town. This causes prejudice towards anything that is different from the â€Å"norm†. Though times have changed since slavery, Maycomb is not able to look past their differences and treat each other equally. Racial discrimination cost Tom Robinson his life.Tom, a black man, was accused of raping Mayella Ewell. In the court hearing, it seems that Tom was innocent because the person who beat Mayella had led primarily with his left hand, and Tom’s left hand was crippled. Even though there was no sufficient evidence that Tom tried to rape Mayella, the jury convicted him. The jury sentenced Tom simply because it was his word against a white woman’s word. Mayella broke a time-honored code, she tempted a black man, and to restore her dignity she lied to the jury. When its a white mans word against a black mans, the white man always wins. (220) During the hearing, Jem, Scout and Dill learn that Dolphus Raymond, who is the supposed town drunkard, hardly drinks alcohol at all. â€Å"He’s got a colored woman and all sorts of mixed chillun. † (163) Dolphus tells the children that he pretends to be drunk so the people of Maycomb can blame his living conditions on the effects of alcohol. He explains that the people could never understand that he lives with colored folks because he wants to live with them. â€Å"â€Å"Wh—oh yes, you mean why do I pretend? Well, it’s very simple,† he said. â€Å"Some folks don’t—like the way I live. (204) The society goes to such an extent with their prejudice that the coloured people are segregated not only from church, but also in the court room. Racial prejudice is a controversial issue throughout the book that adds suspense and drives the plot. Social hierarchy is a very significant part of any community, fictional or not. In Maycomb, who the people are, what they own, and the color of their skin, all contribute to their standing in society. There is a definite separation between those who are higher and those who are lower on the social ladder.Jem even acknowledges this by stating, â€Å"There’s four kinds of folks in the world. There’s the ordinary kind like us and the neighbors, there’s the kind like the Cunninghams out in the woods, the kind like the Ewells down at the dump, and the Negroes. † (226) Aunt Alexandra abides by this and blatantly tells Scout that Walter Cunningham is trash. â€Å"The thing is, you can scrub Walter Cunningham till he shines, you can put him in shoes and a new suit, but he’ll never be like Jem. † (228) The Cunninghams and the Ewells are discriminated against because they both do not have much money.The Cunninghams and the Ewells are both farming families, but the Cunninghams are part of a higher class because the Ewells are what one would call trash. They do not have the same social etiquettes and respect for societys rules and morals. The black community is the lowest social class. Having black skin automatically puts them on the bottom of the class chain. In Maycomb it is hard to judge someone without being bias about who they are, what they own, and, most importantly, the colour of their skin.Prejudice can shield you from getting to know the real person by arbitrating them based on their race, social c lass, and gender. â€Å"Shoot all the bluejays you want†¦ but remember, its a sin to kill a mockingbird† (93) The mockingbird is being represented as a repetitive motif to symbolize virtuousness and victims of injustice throughout the novel. It is a symbol of innocence and benevolence against prejudice of all sorts. Though many people in Maycomb have broken away from the norm, racial, social, and gender prejudice is still strong and a vile force in society that is hard to break away from.

Hoa Essay Essays

Hoa Essay Essays Hoa Essay Essay Hoa Essay Essay WHY HISTORIANS DISAGREE: Facts Versus Interpretations http://amstd. spb. ru/Library/Current/amhist3. htm Brinkley, Alan. American History: A Survey. 12th Edition, McGraw Hill 2007 Unlike some other fields of scholarship, history is not an exact science. We can establish with some certainty many of the basic facts of history- that the United States declared its independence in 1776. for example; or that the North won the Civil War; or that the first atomic bomb was detonated in 1945. But wide disagreement remains, and will always remain, about the significance of such facts. There are as many different ways of viewing a historical event as there are historians viewing it. In reading any work of history, therefore, it is important to ask not only what facts the author is presenting but how he or she is choosing and interpreting those facts. Historians disagree with one another for many reasons. People of different backgrounds, for example, often bring different attitudes to their exploration of issues. A black historian might look at the American Revolution in terms of its significance for the members of his or her race and thus draw conclusions about it that would differ from those of a white historian. A Southerner might view Reconstruction in terms different from a Northerner. Social, religious, racial, ethnic, and sexual differences among historians all contribute to the shaping of distinctive points of view. Historians might disagree, too, as a result of the methods they use to explore their subjects. One scholar might choose to examine slavery by using psychological techniques; another might reach different conclusions by employing quantitative methods and making use of a computer. Because history is an unusually integrative discipline- that is, because it employs methods and ideas from many different fields of knowledge, ranging from science to the humanities, from economics to literary criticism- the historian has available an enormous range of techniques, each of which might produce its own distinctive results. One of the greatest sources of disagreement among historians is personal ideology- a scholars assumptions about the past, the present, politics, society. Historians who accept the teachings of Karl Marx and others that economics and social classes lie at the root of all historical processes will emphasize such matters in their examination of the past. Others might stress ideas, or the influence of particular individuals, or the workings of institutions and bureaucracies. A critic of capitalism, for example, might argue that American foreign policy after World War II was a reflection of economic imperialism. A critic of communism would be more likely to argue that the United States was merely responding to Soviet expansionism. Perhaps most important, historical interpretations differ from one another according to the time in which they are written. It may not be true, as many have said, that every generation writes its own history. But it is certainly true that no historian can entirely escape the influence of his or her own time. Hence, for example, historians writing in the relatively calm 1950s often emphasized very different issues and took very different approaches from those who wrote in the turbulent 1960s, particularly on such issues as race and foreign policy. A scholar writing in a time of general satisfaction with the nations social and political system is likely to view the past very differently from one writing in a time of discontent. Historians in each generation, in other words, emphasize those features of the past that seem most relevant to contemporary concerns. All of this is not to say that present concerns dictate, or should dictate, historical views. Nor is it to say that all interpretations are equally valid. On some questions, historians do reach general agreement; some interpretations prove in time to be without merit, while others become widely accepted. What is most often the case, however, is that each interpretation brings something of value to our understanding of the past. The history of the world, like the life of an individual, has so many facets, such vast complexities, so much that is unknowable, that there will always be room for new approaches to understanding it. Like the blind man examining the elephant, in the fable, the historian can get hold of and describe only one part of the past at a time. The cumulative efforts of countless scholars examining different aspects of history contribute to a view of the past that grows fuller with every generation. But the challenge and the excitement of history lie in the knowledge that that view can never be complete.

Journal opinion artical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Journal opinion artical - Essay Example Taking security measures by posting additional police personnel will serve as a stop-gap arrangement and it is not going to solve the problems on a permanent footing. Take it that using gun for violent acts is the type of negativity like smoking, drinking, drug addiction etc. Are we able to control the drug mafia? They thrive and score a march over the law-enforcing authorities and the Nation spends a huge budget in preventing smuggling of drugs across the borders. So, it is not about drafting a good law and getting it passed. In the light of the recent tragedy of massacre of 26 people, including 20 children in the age group of 5-10 years in a Connecticut Elementary School, one of the worst mass shootings in U.S. history, getting the bill passed at the national level should be possible for the Obama administration. Good laws need noble individuals for implementation. So the issue of creating noble individuals attains top priority. The gun control measure, and the first flush of enthu siasm exhibited by the law enforcing authorities, may reduce the percentage of gun-ridden crimes and shootouts. I therefore, reiterate my support for it, for the simple reason that there is no other alternative. But what are the economic implications of introducing the law on gun control? According to the provisions in the intended law, each teacher will carry the gun in the class room environment. Police personnel will be posted in the campus, at a conspicuous place. This is a burden on the economy of the education system, which ultimately will be passed on to the taxpayer. When the law is implemented, will it lead to the permanent solution to the problem? Instead, it may create more problems. The attackers always have the advantage of surprise element and in a big campus if one or two police personnel are posted nothing tangible is going to happen from the security point of view. The attacker will obviously come with prior scouting of the premises and the teacher in the class, tho ugh possesses the gun, will be the sitting ducks, as she has no robotic devises with reflex actions to protect her. Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein says the bill is intended "to help end the mass-shootings that have devastated countless families and terrorized communities."(USA Law†¦) She is right. But she has not addressed to the root cause of the problem, as she will not be able to do anything about it. Senators are aware of their limitations, so are we! The issue is, those who are bent upon acquiring the guns, will get them through clandestine channels. Just look around and see how the terrorist organizations are amassing demonic weapons of their choice, including military-type assault rifles. When tempers on the issue gets cooled down, the related realities will come to the fore. Those supporting the gun ownership rights have taken a stand to oppose the bill. â€Å"Most Republican lawmakers, and even some Democratic proponents of gun ownership rights, are expected to o ppose the bill. America’s main gun rights lobby, the National Rifle Association, is already gearing up for a major legislative battle.† (USA Law†¦)Thus this law and order problem gives rise to serious economic implications as more security personnel will have to be employed at all levels. What happened at the school on the day of the shootout needs a careful and

The main competitors of unearthed in the e-commerce sector Research Paper

The main competitors of unearthed in the e-commerce sector - Research Paper Example TCFG usually imports foods from Spain, France, Italy, Hungary and others etc., which are then sold only across UK in the name of Unearthed ® food brand. Nonetheless, the group is determined to launch their food brand in foreign markets through export to Dubai and European nations. It is worthwhile to mention that every business organisation has competitors, either small or large, if it is operational in a monopolistic / oligopolistic industry where competition exists. Since Unearthed is not a natural monopoly across UK; therefore, it also faces competition from UK continental food distributors, private label firms, importers and specialty food manufacturers that have both physical (having retail stores) and online (e-commerce) presence. TCFG, however, argues that does not face cutthroat competition from other domestic food manufacturers, importers and suppliers because of its highly diversified product range (a result of product development, food discovery of owners, innovation and branding). But, it should also be noted that Unearthed also does not enjoy 90% share, which is the evidence that competition exists in the UK retail food industry.

Roles and Functions of Social Workers in England and Wales

Roles and Functions of Social Workers in England and Wales Introduction The definition of social work is very complex and controversial. There is no generally accepted definition of what social work is. Social work sits within the broader range of the social care sphere. (Horner, 2003, p.2) There are three views of social work. The first is the reflexive-therapeutic views. This view sees social work as seeking the best possible well being for individuals, groups and communities in society. (Payne, 1997, p.4) The other view is the socialist-collectivist views; this view sees social work as seeking cooperation and mutual support in society so that oppressed and disadvantaged people can gain power over their own lives. (Payne, 1997, p.4) The last view is the individualist-reformist views. This view sees social work as an aspect of welfare services to individuals in society. (Payne, 1997, p.4) There is a general consensus amongst writers that the three different views are present within the social work discourse. (Payne, 1997, p.6) The International Association of Schools of Social Work and the International Federation of Social Workers defined social work as a profession that, ‘’promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well beingsocial work intervenes at the points where people interact with their environment. Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work ’’. (Citied in Horner, 2003, p.2) Another definition of social work that was propounded by the former minister for health, Jacqui Smith is as follows, ‘’social work is a very practical job. It is about protecting people and changing their lives, not about being able to give a fluent and theoretical explanation of why they got in to difficulties in the first place .New degree courses must ensure that theory and research directly informs and supports practice. The requirements for social training work set out the minimum standards for entry to social work degree courses and for the teaching and assessment that social work students must receive ’’. (Horner, 2003, p.2) The major difference between these two definitions is that the first definition fails to emphasise the control element of social work practice, which involves the use of legislation by the state to intervene and protect vulnerable children and young people who are at risk, to enforce mental health treatment and services and to pr otect vulnerable older people. (Horner, 2003, p.3) The second definition focuses on social work as a ‘rational technical activity and its inherent anti-intellectualism’. (Horner, 2003, p.3) This essay will examine the current roles and functions of social workers in England and Wales. Key roles and skills of social workers A lot is expected from social workers. Society expects social workers to protect and care for citizens deemed in need of protection and care and at the same time to care and protect the community as a whole. (Horner, 2003, p.5) A social worker is employed by the local authority, on behalf of the state and has to work within the confines and constraints of the law. (Horner, 2003, p.4) A social worker must at all times been conversant with relevant legislation and procedure and must abide to them. The social worker is always faced with balancing the rights of vulnerable individuals to fulfil their wishes, whilst at the same time carrying out the state’s need to protect all vulnerable people, sometimes by restricting rights and liberty of others. (Horner, 2003, p.4) Generally, a social worker is there to give help and support to people who are going through a difficult patch in their lives. A social worker has to ensure that the rights of service users are identified and promoted. (Lymbery and Postle, 2007, p.23) A social worker is a paid professional, ‘’who aims to assist people in overcoming serious difficulties in their lives by providing care, protection or counselling or through social support, advocacy and community work’’. (Collins, 2006, p.516) The role of a social worker is to assist people who are socially excluded from society and are experiencing difficulties in their lives, to get back on their feet. The process of social exclusion revolves around five components: poverty and low income; lack of access to the job market; lack of social support and networks; the overall condition of the local neighbourhood; and exclusion from services. (Collins, 2006, p.505) The role of the social worker is to tackle social exclusion and promote social inclusion. The social worker needs to address approach to practice that will effectively strengthen social networks, maximise options for income and ensure that services are more accessible. (Collins, 2006, p.505) Social workers have specific legal duties that distinguish them from other groups. A social worker investigates allegations of child abuse. A social worker can apply where necessary and appropriate for a person to be detained in hospital, when his or her mental state presents a risk of harm to self or to other members of the public. A social worker also supervises children in care of the local authority. (Thompson, 2000, p.2) A social worker requires skills in making assessments personally or jointly with service users and their families in order to discover the strengths, needs and preferred need for each particular service user. The social worker needs to treat each service user as a unique individual and accord the service user the respect he or she deserves. A social worker should be skilled and knowledgeable on how to handle hostile and aggressive situations, without putting her safety or the service user at risk. Most importantly, knowledge of the law, policies and regulations affecting social work practice must be mastered by the social worker. A social worker is charged with caring for the entire community by protecting and promoting the welfare of the community as well as that of the individual. This might mean enforcing some elements of control over an individual. This at times leads to conflicts and tensions as the social worker is caught in between the community and the individual. (Thompson, 2000, p.3) Social workers work with young people and their families as well as the elderly. Social work is divided in to adult services and Children services. Adult services includes, working with people with mental health problems or learning disability. Adult services can also include working with people in residential care, working with offenders in the community or working with the elderly. Children and family social work, is a branch of social work, where the social worker provides assistance and advice to keep families together. It can also involve work in children’s home or providing support to younger people leaving care. I will focus on children and families social work. Social work with children and families spans a wide range of activities primarily directed at protecting the child. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.15) It is often a very controversial and volatile area because of the state interference with family life. The government has introduced a lot of policy and organisational changes in children and family services in recent years that have greatly changed the terrain of children and family social work. The 1989 and 2004 Children Acts as well as key policy document such as Department for Education and Skills 2003, Department of Health and Department for Education and Skills 2004 and Secretary of State for Health 2003, have all combined to create a role for social workers which combines contributing to the assessment of the needs of children and young people, protecting them from harm and consulting with other relevant agencies to deliver services that promotes the children’s well being and s afety in partnership with the social workers and their families. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.15) Social work within the social policy frame work Collins defined social policy as, ‘’government policy in the area of welfare, and the academic study of its development, implementation and impact’’ (Collins, 2006, p.507) Modern social work is no longer based on the poor law parish structure, but is governed by legislation and delivered through local government structures, however, some voluntary sector organisations, many of which have their origins in the established and non-conformist churches still provide some services for those that are socially excluded. (Horner, 2003, p.17) Contemporary social work can be seen to play a crucial role in relation to current social problems, concerns about wide spread substance abuse and problems of social disintegration among others. (Horner, 2003, p.26) Social work deteriorated in the 1980s and 1990s in Britain under the Conservative government. There was little direct political concern with social services during the Conservative, Thatcher administration. (Payne, 2005, p.97)The reasons for the deterioration were: ‘’service failures, particularly in the area of child protection; a professional attack, both from the right wing and the left wing on its social policing role and a political attack on its role in the welfare state’’. (Payne, 2005, p.94) The Labour government under Tony Blair came in to power in 1997. According to Payne, ‘while social care was not a major plank of policy, it was affected by general government policies and priorities, which focused on education and health’’. (Payne, 2005, p.103) The government initiated a modernization agenda which focused on effective delivery of services; including cooperation amongst the multi-agencies and involving service users’ ow n priorities. The government laid a lot of emphasis on improved care for children and the mentally ill. However, most of the labour government’s policy were slowing building on past policies and did not take a new direction. (Payne, 2005, p.103) The labour government introduced the quality improvement projects. The labour government also brought about increased legislation in to the realm of social work. The General Social Care Council was also set up to take over responsibility for regulating social work education. Mental health social work has seen a lot of changes in recent years. The 1980s and 1990s saw the closure of the many long stay Victorian asylums and the development of community based alternatives. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.60) The Mental Health Act 1983 was a land mark legislation in many respects. Section 114 of the Act requires local authorities to provide an approved social worker for mental health service users. The NHS and Community Care Act 1990 provided a frame work for the organisation and delivery of services under existing legislation. The Act tried to alter the balance of care in four fundamental directions: ‘’ from institutional care to community based care; from public sector to independent sector provision; from NHS to local government responsibilities and from supply led services to needs led services’’. (Horner, 2003, p.76) The social worker had a key role to play in identifying the range and location of services. (Horner, 2003, p.77) The Children’s Act 1989 reformed the law relating to children. Contemporary social work practice with children, young people and their families is largely governed by the Children’s Act of 1989. (Horner, 2003, p.46) The Children’s Act 2004 provides the legal basis on how social workers, collaborate with other agencies to ensure that the best interest of the child is protected and achieved at all times. The Human Rights Act 1988, incorporated in to English laws, the European Convention on Human Rights. It gives individuals the power to challenge gross abuses of civil liberties and it also requires legal an administrative action to take account of human rights in the course of any action they under take. (Payne, 2005, p.104) The future of social work in England and Wales appear to lie in a range of roles in diverse services, heavily regulated by the government and the development of multi professional work, where the social worker interacts with other professions roles. (Payne, 2005, p.105) Professional principles and values of social work Social work is a highly regulated profession these days. It is a very difficult and complex profession and any one coming in to the profession will need to exhibit the right temperament. You will need to be in control of your emotions at all times and also avoid being judgemental or stereotyping people. There are professional principles and values social workers must exhibit. A social worker at all times must maintain the dignity and worth of service users. The social worker should always bear in mind, that she is there to help the service user get back on his feet and not to control him or run his life. A social worker ought to be aware and value the rights and duties of individuals, their families, groups and the entire community at all times. A social worker must believe in the principle of social justice. This includes ‘’fair access to public services and benefits to achieve human potentials; social development and environmental management in the interests of present and future human welfare’’. (Horner, 2003, p.135) A social worker will need to treat all service users with respect and without any bias based on their sex, colour, or creed. For example, a social worker should have an open mind when working with a paedophile or some one that is mentally unwell. A social worker’s primary objective is the promotion of social justice. The social worker has as one of his fundamental goals, to meet the personal and social needs of service users in order to help them meet and develop their potentials. One core value of the social worker is confidentiality. A social worker must maintain absolute confidentiality when dealing with a service user. The social worker should not divulge any information without first obtaining the consent of the service user. This also goes to show that the case worker respects the service user. A social worker must possess integrity. This comprises all the elements of honesty, reliability, openness, equity, and fairness. A social worker needs to be competent in the discharge of her duties. This entails keeping abreast with new laws and legislations in the field of social work. A social worker needs to address at all times, injustice in the system and explore ways of eliminating them. The social worker should also expose any bad policies that contribute to hardship and social exclusion in society. The social worker should also at all time up hold the civil and political rights of service users as well as their economic and social rights. Conclusion Social work has a long way. The profession of social worker is highly regulated today in England and Wales. The work of the social worker is to help vulnerable people in the society, within the constraints of legislations, so that they can get back on to their feet and get on with their lives. A lot of professional principles and values are expected to be imbibed by the modern social worker. Despite the very complex nature of social work and countless policies and legislation, the value of the social worker in our society today can not be overemphasised. Social workers today are highly trained professionals who despite their challenging and demanding jobs continue to ensure that vulnerable people and those that are socially excluded are given all the protection and support they need in order for them to take back control of their lives. Bibliography Collins (2002) Internet based dictionary of social work, Harper Collins, Glasgow Cree, V.E and Davis, A (2002) Social work, voice from the inside, Routledge, Oxon Horner, N (2003) What is Social work? Context and Perspectives, Learning Matters, Exeter Koprowska, J (2008) Communications and interpersonal skills in social work, 2nd Edition, Learning Matters, Exeter Lymbery, M and Postle, K (2007) Social work: A companion to learning, SAGE, London Payne, M (1997) Modern social work theory, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke Payne, M (2005) The origins of social work, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke Shardlow, S and Payne, M (1998) Contemporary issues in social work: Western Europe, Arena, Aldershot Thompson, N (2000) Understanding social work, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke

Ancient Egyptian Culture Essays -- History, Ancient Egyptian Society

Ancient Egypt was a fascinating and complex place. Luckily for historians, Egyptians had made great strides in record keeping which have made studying their culture and society easier than some previous historical eras. Ancient Egyptians were a people who were intensely religious, deeply divided by gender roles and a strong hierarchy, and quite advanced for their period in terms of their technological and economic innovations. Egyptians were deeply religious, and religion played a role in nearly all aspects of their daily lives. When the ancient Egyptians experienced periods of peace and prosperity, they attributed credit for the success to their deities (Slaughter, 5). The Egyptians experienced centuries of remarkable stability and considered this state to be the ma’at, which was Egyptian for the â€Å"natural order† (Slaughter, 5). Even though they considered good order and balance in their society to be natural, it had to be protected by the pharaoh, who was considered to have been born mortal but imbued with godhood upon receipt of the throne, and was expected to be an earthly presence of the divine (Slaughter, 5). His religious standing gave the pharaoh a unique legal and authoritative position in ancient Egyptian culture. The pharaoh was expected to defend the nation, take responsibility for all administrative duties, declare all of the laws, and own all of the land (Slaughter, 5). For practical reasons, much of the pharaoh’s responsibilities were delegated to a bureaucracy (Slaughter, 5). Within this bureaucracy, staffed mostly by men, success was measured by the degree to which a person promoted order and prosperity within their stewardship (Slaughter, 5-6). Ancient Egypt had a strong social hierarchy, where a small group of... ...rmenting barley and wheat in a similar fashion to modern methods (Discussion, Tad Gale.) Their engineering feats were also impressive, and ranged from the technical prowess that showed itself in their massive pyramids, to the mastery of physics involved in developing advanced chariots that ran faster, quieter, and more stable than their counterparts created by their enemies (Discussion, Blair Vanderlugt). The nature of ancient Egyptian society was quite unique for its time period. Egyptian culture was distinct from neighboring nations, and Egyptians had many advantages that gave them an edge politically and commercially. They were committed to their religion, which touched their lives in nearly every way, they had strong gender and class differences that made them a very divided society, and they had a high degree of expertise in engineering and similar fields.